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Temporal Succession of the Patriarchate of St. Stephen
The Patriarchate of St. Stephen is the temporal successor, as ecclesiastical claimant in the Holy Roman Empire, to Florence, Etruria, Würzburg, Trier, and Mainz. The Patronage of Saint Stephen derives from the commonality of Stephen the Deacon and Protomartyr to the early churches associated with the temporal patrimony of the Patriarchate, viz., the Basilica of Arles (line of the Margraves of Tuscany and Kings of Italy and of the Electorate of Trier as Imperial Arch-Chancellor of Gaul), the Abbey of St. Stephen in Würzburg, and the Church of St. Stephen (established by the Archbishop of Mainz as Arch-Chancellor of Germany). In the first creation of the title of Imperial Vice-King of Italy, during the first period of Carolingian rule of Italy, Bosone I d'Arles, King of Lower Burgundy and Provence was given the title by Charles the Bald, Holy Roman Emperor, King of West Francia, and King of Italy. (From the earliest times, though the Italian Crown was part of the Imperial Patrimony, it was common for the Emperor to use principally the Germanic/Frankish title, with Italian rule at times left to a crowned Vice-King.) Willa of Provence, daughter of Bosone, married Hugh d'Arles, King of Italy. His son, Ludovico, became King of Provence, King of Italy, and Holy Roman Emperor. Another example comes during the time of Arnulf, Ludovico's predecessor as King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor. Arnulf crowned his illegitimate, yet recognised son, Ratold, as Vice-King of Italy. After the reunion of the Italian crown with the Holy Roman Emperor, the style of Vice-King fell out of use until its second creation for Matilda, Margravine of Tuscany. The Florentine Archfather, as successor of Pope Leo X and temporal successor of St. Peter the Apostle, holds the titles of Bishop of St. Stephen and Prince and Coadjutor of Rome, among others. See also the list of Florentine Archfathers.
Hugh d'Arles, King of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire Bosone d'Arles, Margrave of Tuscany * Brother of Hugh, King of Italy. Umberto d'Arles, Margrave of Tuscany * Son of Hugh, King of Italy Hugh d'Arles, Margrave of Tuscany Boniface III di Canossa, Margrave of Tuscany * Grandson of Hugh, King of Italy Federico di Canossa, Margrave of Tuscany 1. Matilda di Canossa, Margravine of Tuscany, Vice-Queen of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Daughter of Boniface III of Tuscany and Beatrice of Lorraine and Bar. Titles and lands were gifted to the church upon her death without issue, thus initiating the ecclesiastical temporal claims associated with Tuscany. Though the Popes had claim of sovereignty over Italy as Imperial Vice-King, they exercised this as Pope and Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy. 2. Paschal II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 3. Gelasius II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 4. Callixstus II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 5. Honorius II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 6. Innocent II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 7. Celestine II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 8. Lucius II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 9. Eugene III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 10. Anastasius IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 11. Adrian IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 12. Alexander III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 13. Lucius III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 14. Urban III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 15. Gregory VIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 16. Clement III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 17. Celestine III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 18. Innocent III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 19. Honorius III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 20. Gregory IX, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 21. Celestine IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 22. Innocent IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 23. Alexander IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 24. Urban IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 25. Clement IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 26. Gregory X, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 27. Innocent V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 28. Adrian V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 29. John XXI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 30. Nicholas III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 31. Martin IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 32. Honorius IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 33. Nicholas IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 34. Celestine V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 35. Boniface VIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 36. Benedict XI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 37. Clement V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 38. John XXII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 39. Benedict XII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 40. Clement VI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 41. Innocent VI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 42. Urban V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 43. Gregory XI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 44. Urban VI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 45. Boniface IX, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 46. Innocent VII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 47. Gregory XII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 48. Martin V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 49. Eugene IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 50. Nicholas V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 51. Callixtus III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 52. Pius II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 53. Paul II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 54. Sixtus IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 55. Innocent VIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 56. Alexander VI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 57. Pius III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 58. Julius II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 59. Leo X de' Medici, Pope, Cardinal Prince of Florence, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 60. Adrian VI of Utrecht, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 61. Clement VII de' Medici, Pope, Archbishop of Florence, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 62. Paul III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 63. Julius III, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 64. Marcellus II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 65. Paul IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 66. Pius IV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 67. Pius V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 68. Gregory XIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 69. Sixtus V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 69A. Ferdinand I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Car-dinal Prince of Florence * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen. After his resignation of the cardinalate, the ecclesiastical claim reverted to the Church. 70. Urban VII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 71. Gregory XIV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 72. Innocent IX, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 73. Clement VIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 74. Leo XI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 75. Paul V, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 76. Gregory XV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 77. Urban VIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Main line of Apostolic Succession of the Patriarchs of St. Stephen 78. Innocent X, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 79. Alexander VII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Pa-pal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 80. Clement IX, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 81. Clement X, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 82. Innocent XI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 83. Alexander VIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Pa-pal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 84. Innocent XII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 85. Clement XI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 86. Innocent XIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 87. Benedict XIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Cousin of the present Patriarch of St. Stephen 88. Clement XII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 89. Benedict XIV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 90. Clement XIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 91. Clement XIV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 92. Pius VI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 93. Pius VII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 94. Leo XII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 95. Pius VIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 96. Gregory XVI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 97. St. Pius IX, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 98. Leo XIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * The secondary line of Apostolic Succession of the Patriarchs of St. Stephen 99. Pius X, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 100. Benedict XV, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 101. Pius XI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 102. St. Pius XII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 103. John XXIII, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 104. Paul VI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 105. John Paul I, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 106. John Paul II, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 107. Benedict XVI, Pope, Bishop of Rome, Sovereign of the Papal States, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire 108. Rutherford I, Florentine Archfather, Coadjutor of Rome, Prince of Rome and Florence, Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire, Anglo-Italian Imperial Patriarch * elected Patriarch 2011
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